What should be the first action if a patient appears unresponsive?

The appropriate first action when encountering a patient who appears unresponsive is to assess the patient's level of consciousness. This step is crucial because it allows the EMT to determine the nature and extent of the patient's condition.

By evaluating responsiveness, the EMT can gather vital information about the patient's state, such as whether there is any reaction to verbal or physical stimuli. This assessment helps guide subsequent actions, including whether immediate interventions like CPR or airway management are necessary. Recognizing whether the patient is in a state of unconsciousness or has the potential for recovery will influence the urgency and type of treatments required.

Moreover, assessing the patient's level of consciousness fits within the broader protocol of stabilizing the scene and ensuring the safety of both the patient and the EMTs. This initial evaluation is part of the primary survey in the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) of emergency care, which comes before any immediate interventions like CPR or calling for advanced medical help.